A textile or cloth is a flexible
woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred
to as thread or yarn.
Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or
other material to produce long strands.Textiles are
formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting,knotting, or pressing fibres together (felt).
The words fabric and cloth are used in
textile assembly trades (such as tailoring and dressmaking) as synonyms for textile.
However, there are subtle differences in these terms in specialized usage. Textile refers to any material made of
interlacing fibres. Fabric refers to any material made through
weaving, knitting, spreading, crocheting, or bonding that may be used in
production of further goods.Cloth may
be used synonymously with fabric but often refers to a finished piece
of fabric used for a specific purpose.
History
The
discovery of dyed flax fibres in a cave in the Republic of Georgia dated to 34,000 BCE suggests
textile-like materials were made even in prehistoric times.
The
production of textiles is a craft whose speed and scale of production has been
altered almost beyond recognition by industrialization and the introduction of
modern manufacturing techniques. However, for the main types of textiles, plain weave, twill, or satin weave, there is little difference between the ancient and modern
methods.
Incas have
been crafting quipus (or khipus)
made of fibres either from a protein, such as spun and plied thread like wool
or hair from camelids such asalpacas, llamas, and camels, or from a cellulose like
cotton for thousands of years. Khipus are a series of knots along pieces of
string. Until recently, they were thought to have been only a method of
accounting, but new evidence discovered by Harvard professor Gary Urton indicates
there may be more to the khipu than just numbers. Preservation of khipus found
in museum and archive collections follow general textile preservation principles and
practice.
During the
15th century, textiles were the largest single industry. Before the 15th
century textiles were produced only in a few towns but during they
shifted into districts like East Anglia, and the Cotswolds.
Fiber (American English) or fibre (International english )
is elongated stringy Natural , man-made or synthetic material. In the case of
natural fibers, they often tie together the parts of natural creatures. Natural
Vegetable fibres generally consist of cellulose, examples include cotton ,
linen and hemp. Cellulose fibers are used in the manufacture of paper and cloth
. Natural Animal fibre include spider silk , sinew, hair, and wool .There are
naturally occurring mineral fibre such as Asbestos .
Man-made fibres are those that are made artificially, but
from from natural raw materials (often cellulosic ). Examples include Fiber
glass , rayon , acetate cupro and the more recently developed Lyocell
.Synthetic fibres include nylon , acrylic , polyester and graphite fibre .
EXAMPLE OF FIBER
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